16 Bit PWM output on an Arduino?
Following on with step 1a from the Mad Scientist Hut article: Making a high resolution ADC from an Arduino Mini Pro
In order to make a high resolution DC source we need a 16 bit PWM output from the Arduino. The standard libraries give you access to 8bits on the PWM pins, this only gives 256 discrete levels, if you had 16bits it will yield 65535 steps. Timer1 on the Mini Pro and UNO is capable of going into 16bit mode. With just a little Googling I found a library that give access to the 16bit timer modes, as well as letting you reprogram the PWM output frequency, the library was created by the user ‘runnerup’ AKA Sam Knight (as the copyright header in the lib indicates) in the Arduino forums: Here
The library is located here: PWM Frequency Library , the library also is supposed to work on both the Arduino Mega and UNO.
Timer1 is the only 16bit timer on the atmega328 (UNO and Mini Pro) and it only comes out on two pins, 9 and 10. If you were to use the Mega it has many more pins capable of 16 bit mode on the PWM outputs. I got the below timer/bit/pins table from: Advanced Arduino: direct use of ATmega counter/timers
timer | bits | channel | Arduino pin | Mega pin |
---|---|---|---|---|
timer0 | 8 | A | 6 | 13 |
timer0 | 8 | B | 5 | 4 |
timer1 | 16 | A | 9 | 11 |
timer1 | 16 | B | 10 | 12 |
timer2 | 8 | A | 11 | 10 |
timer2 | 8 | B | 3 | 9 |
timer3 | 16 | A | – | 5 |
timer3 | 16 | B | – | 2 |
timer3 | 16 | C | – | 3 |
timer4 | 16 | A | – | 6 |
timer4 | 16 | B | – | 7 |
timer4 | 16 | C | – | 8 |
timer5 | 16 | A | – | 44 |
timer5 | 16 | B | – | 45 |
timer5 | 16 | C | – | 46 |
Being able to reprogram the frequency is very important since it has an effect on the actual resolution that can be achieved. See the table at the bottom for an output from the demo program from the PWM Frequency library that shows the differences for frequency to resolution. Since 131 Hz gives almost 16 bits of resolution at 61069 steps, this is what frequency I am going to use as I experiment. This will give approximately 81uV DC filtered step sizes on average using a 5V Mini Pro, we will try to verify this later, the best meter I have here is good for 100uV resolution in the 11V range, I will try to borrow one that has higher resolution in the next couple of weeks.
So lets try it out…
I wrote a quick program to try a few things: first did the frequency set? second does high resolution PWM work on both channels 9 and 10 independently ( there was a note in the library that you would lose the second channel )? third is it really high resolution?
We set PWM on channel 9 and 10 separately at a frequency of 131HZ ( reciprocal of 131Hz is 0.0076335…. seconds) the period should be about 7.63mS. See screen shot, yes to both of those!

Now does the 16 bit resolution work. The reciprocal of 131Hz divided by 61069 steps is ~125nS. This picture shows where I set the PWM to a setting of 1. Yes it works!

Here it is with PWM set to 2 and yes it is now ~250nS

Now onto designing a filter to get DC out of this….
Demonstrate Frequency Effect On Resolution Table ( I only ran it to 3931 HZ, but you get the idea….)
1 | Hz | 7813 | steps | 12 | bits |
11 | Hz | 2841 | steps | 11 | bits |
21 | Hz | 5953 | steps | 12 | bits |
31 | Hz | 4033 | steps | 11 | bits |
41 | Hz | 3049 | steps | 11 | bits |
51 | Hz | 2451 | steps | 11 | bits |
61 | Hz | 2050 | steps | 11 | bits |
71 | Hz | 14085 | steps | 13 | bits |
81 | Hz | 12346 | steps | 13 | bits |
91 | Hz | 10990 | steps | 13 | bits |
101 | Hz | 9901 | steps | 13 | bits |
111 | Hz | 9010 | steps | 13 | bits |
121 | Hz | 8265 | steps | 13 | bits |
131 | Hz | 61069 | steps | 15 | bits |
141 | Hz | 56738 | steps | 15 | bits |
151 | Hz | 52981 | steps | 15 | bits |
161 | Hz | 49690 | steps | 15 | bits |
171 | Hz | 46784 | steps | 15 | bits |
181 | Hz | 44199 | steps | 15 | bits |
191 | Hz | 41885 | steps | 15 | bits |
201 | Hz | 39801 | steps | 15 | bits |
211 | Hz | 37915 | steps | 15 | bits |
221 | Hz | 36200 | steps | 15 | bits |
231 | Hz | 34633 | steps | 15 | bits |
241 | Hz | 33196 | steps | 15 | bits |
251 | Hz | 31873 | steps | 14 | bits |
261 | Hz | 30652 | steps | 14 | bits |
271 | Hz | 29521 | steps | 14 | bits |
281 | Hz | 28470 | steps | 14 | bits |
291 | Hz | 27492 | steps | 14 | bits |
301 | Hz | 26579 | steps | 14 | bits |
311 | Hz | 25724 | steps | 14 | bits |
321 | Hz | 24923 | steps | 14 | bits |
331 | Hz | 24170 | steps | 14 | bits |
341 | Hz | 23461 | steps | 14 | bits |
351 | Hz | 22793 | steps | 14 | bits |
361 | Hz | 22161 | steps | 14 | bits |
371 | Hz | 21564 | steps | 14 | bits |
381 | Hz | 20998 | steps | 14 | bits |
391 | Hz | 20461 | steps | 14 | bits |
401 | Hz | 19951 | steps | 14 | bits |
411 | Hz | 19465 | steps | 14 | bits |
421 | Hz | 19003 | steps | 14 | bits |
431 | Hz | 18562 | steps | 14 | bits |
441 | Hz | 18141 | steps | 14 | bits |
451 | Hz | 17739 | steps | 14 | bits |
461 | Hz | 17354 | steps | 14 | bits |
471 | Hz | 16986 | steps | 14 | bits |
481 | Hz | 16633 | steps | 14 | bits |
491 | Hz | 16294 | steps | 13 | bits |
501 | Hz | 15969 | steps | 13 | bits |
511 | Hz | 15656 | steps | 13 | bits |
521 | Hz | 15356 | steps | 13 | bits |
531 | Hz | 15066 | steps | 13 | bits |
541 | Hz | 14788 | steps | 13 | bits |
551 | Hz | 14520 | steps | 13 | bits |
561 | Hz | 14261 | steps | 13 | bits |
571 | Hz | 14011 | steps | 13 | bits |
581 | Hz | 13770 | steps | 13 | bits |
591 | Hz | 13537 | steps | 13 | bits |
601 | Hz | 13312 | steps | 13 | bits |
611 | Hz | 13094 | steps | 13 | bits |
621 | Hz | 12883 | steps | 13 | bits |
631 | Hz | 12679 | steps | 13 | bits |
641 | Hz | 12481 | steps | 13 | bits |
651 | Hz | 12289 | steps | 13 | bits |
661 | Hz | 12103 | steps | 13 | bits |
671 | Hz | 11923 | steps | 13 | bits |
681 | Hz | 11748 | steps | 13 | bits |
691 | Hz | 11578 | steps | 13 | bits |
701 | Hz | 11413 | steps | 13 | bits |
711 | Hz | 11252 | steps | 13 | bits |
721 | Hz | 11096 | steps | 13 | bits |
731 | Hz | 10944 | steps | 13 | bits |
741 | Hz | 10797 | steps | 13 | bits |
751 | Hz | 10653 | steps | 13 | bits |
761 | Hz | 10513 | steps | 13 | bits |
771 | Hz | 10377 | steps | 13 | bits |
781 | Hz | 10244 | steps | 13 | bits |
791 | Hz | 10114 | steps | 13 | bits |
801 | Hz | 9988 | steps | 13 | bits |
811 | Hz | 9865 | steps | 13 | bits |
821 | Hz | 9745 | steps | 13 | bits |
831 | Hz | 9627 | steps | 13 | bits |
841 | Hz | 9513 | steps | 13 | bits |
851 | Hz | 9401 | steps | 13 | bits |
861 | Hz | 9292 | steps | 13 | bits |
871 | Hz | 9185 | steps | 13 | bits |
881 | Hz | 9081 | steps | 13 | bits |
891 | Hz | 8979 | steps | 13 | bits |
901 | Hz | 8880 | steps | 13 | bits |
911 | Hz | 8782 | steps | 13 | bits |
921 | Hz | 8687 | steps | 13 | bits |
931 | Hz | 8593 | steps | 13 | bits |
941 | Hz | 8502 | steps | 13 | bits |
951 | Hz | 8413 | steps | 13 | bits |
961 | Hz | 8325 | steps | 13 | bits |
971 | Hz | 8239 | steps | 13 | bits |
981 | Hz | 8155 | steps | 12 | bits |
991 | Hz | 8073 | steps | 12 | bits |
1001 | Hz | 7993 | steps | 12 | bits |
1011 | Hz | 7913 | steps | 12 | bits |
1021 | Hz | 7836 | steps | 12 | bits |
1031 | Hz | 7760 | steps | 12 | bits |
1041 | Hz | 7685 | steps | 12 | bits |
1051 | Hz | 7612 | steps | 12 | bits |
1061 | Hz | 7541 | steps | 12 | bits |
1071 | Hz | 7470 | steps | 12 | bits |
1081 | Hz | 7401 | steps | 12 | bits |
1091 | Hz | 7333 | steps | 12 | bits |
1101 | Hz | 7267 | steps | 12 | bits |
1111 | Hz | 7201 | steps | 12 | bits |
1121 | Hz | 7137 | steps | 12 | bits |
1131 | Hz | 7074 | steps | 12 | bits |
1141 | Hz | 7012 | steps | 12 | bits |
1151 | Hz | 6951 | steps | 12 | bits |
1161 | Hz | 6891 | steps | 12 | bits |
1171 | Hz | 6832 | steps | 12 | bits |
1181 | Hz | 6774 | steps | 12 | bits |
1191 | Hz | 6718 | steps | 12 | bits |
1201 | Hz | 6662 | steps | 12 | bits |
1211 | Hz | 6607 | steps | 12 | bits |
1221 | Hz | 6553 | steps | 12 | bits |
1231 | Hz | 6499 | steps | 12 | bits |
1241 | Hz | 6447 | steps | 12 | bits |
1251 | Hz | 6395 | steps | 12 | bits |
1261 | Hz | 6345 | steps | 12 | bits |
1271 | Hz | 6295 | steps | 12 | bits |
1281 | Hz | 6246 | steps | 12 | bits |
1291 | Hz | 6197 | steps | 12 | bits |
1301 | Hz | 6150 | steps | 12 | bits |
1311 | Hz | 6103 | steps | 12 | bits |
1321 | Hz | 6057 | steps | 12 | bits |
1331 | Hz | 6011 | steps | 12 | bits |
1341 | Hz | 5966 | steps | 12 | bits |
1351 | Hz | 5922 | steps | 12 | bits |
1361 | Hz | 5879 | steps | 12 | bits |
1371 | Hz | 5836 | steps | 12 | bits |
1381 | Hz | 5793 | steps | 12 | bits |
1391 | Hz | 5752 | steps | 12 | bits |
1401 | Hz | 5711 | steps | 12 | bits |
1411 | Hz | 5670 | steps | 12 | bits |
1421 | Hz | 5630 | steps | 12 | bits |
1431 | Hz | 5591 | steps | 12 | bits |
1441 | Hz | 5552 | steps | 12 | bits |
1451 | Hz | 5514 | steps | 12 | bits |
1461 | Hz | 5476 | steps | 12 | bits |
1471 | Hz | 5439 | steps | 12 | bits |
1481 | Hz | 5402 | steps | 12 | bits |
1491 | Hz | 5366 | steps | 12 | bits |
1501 | Hz | 5330 | steps | 12 | bits |
1511 | Hz | 5295 | steps | 12 | bits |
1521 | Hz | 5260 | steps | 12 | bits |
1531 | Hz | 5226 | steps | 12 | bits |
1541 | Hz | 5192 | steps | 12 | bits |
1551 | Hz | 5158 | steps | 12 | bits |
1561 | Hz | 5125 | steps | 12 | bits |
1571 | Hz | 5093 | steps | 12 | bits |
1581 | Hz | 5061 | steps | 12 | bits |
1591 | Hz | 5029 | steps | 12 | bits |
1601 | Hz | 4997 | steps | 12 | bits |
1611 | Hz | 4966 | steps | 12 | bits |
1621 | Hz | 4936 | steps | 12 | bits |
1631 | Hz | 4905 | steps | 12 | bits |
1641 | Hz | 4876 | steps | 12 | bits |
1651 | Hz | 4846 | steps | 12 | bits |
1661 | Hz | 4817 | steps | 12 | bits |
1671 | Hz | 4788 | steps | 12 | bits |
1681 | Hz | 4760 | steps | 12 | bits |
1691 | Hz | 4731 | steps | 12 | bits |
1701 | Hz | 4704 | steps | 12 | bits |
1711 | Hz | 4676 | steps | 12 | bits |
1721 | Hz | 4649 | steps | 12 | bits |
1731 | Hz | 4622 | steps | 12 | bits |
1741 | Hz | 4596 | steps | 12 | bits |
1751 | Hz | 4569 | steps | 12 | bits |
1761 | Hz | 4543 | steps | 12 | bits |
1771 | Hz | 4518 | steps | 12 | bits |
1781 | Hz | 4492 | steps | 12 | bits |
1791 | Hz | 4467 | steps | 12 | bits |
1801 | Hz | 4442 | steps | 12 | bits |
1811 | Hz | 4418 | steps | 12 | bits |
1821 | Hz | 4394 | steps | 12 | bits |
1831 | Hz | 4370 | steps | 12 | bits |
1841 | Hz | 4346 | steps | 12 | bits |
1851 | Hz | 4322 | steps | 12 | bits |
1861 | Hz | 4299 | steps | 12 | bits |
1871 | Hz | 4276 | steps | 12 | bits |
1881 | Hz | 4254 | steps | 12 | bits |
1891 | Hz | 4231 | steps | 12 | bits |
1901 | Hz | 4209 | steps | 12 | bits |
1911 | Hz | 4187 | steps | 12 | bits |
1921 | Hz | 4165 | steps | 12 | bits |
1931 | Hz | 4143 | steps | 12 | bits |
1941 | Hz | 4122 | steps | 12 | bits |
1951 | Hz | 4101 | steps | 12 | bits |
1961 | Hz | 4080 | steps | 11 | bits |
1971 | Hz | 4059 | steps | 11 | bits |
1981 | Hz | 4039 | steps | 11 | bits |
1991 | Hz | 4019 | steps | 11 | bits |
2001 | Hz | 3999 | steps | 11 | bits |
2011 | Hz | 3979 | steps | 11 | bits |
2021 | Hz | 3959 | steps | 11 | bits |
2031 | Hz | 3939 | steps | 11 | bits |
2041 | Hz | 3920 | steps | 11 | bits |
2051 | Hz | 3901 | steps | 11 | bits |
2061 | Hz | 3882 | steps | 11 | bits |
2071 | Hz | 3863 | steps | 11 | bits |
2081 | Hz | 3845 | steps | 11 | bits |
2091 | Hz | 3826 | steps | 11 | bits |
2101 | Hz | 3808 | steps | 11 | bits |
2111 | Hz | 3790 | steps | 11 | bits |
2121 | Hz | 3772 | steps | 11 | bits |
2131 | Hz | 3755 | steps | 11 | bits |
2141 | Hz | 3737 | steps | 11 | bits |
2151 | Hz | 3720 | steps | 11 | bits |
2161 | Hz | 3702 | steps | 11 | bits |
2171 | Hz | 3685 | steps | 11 | bits |
2181 | Hz | 3669 | steps | 11 | bits |
2191 | Hz | 3652 | steps | 11 | bits |
2201 | Hz | 3635 | steps | 11 | bits |
2211 | Hz | 3619 | steps | 11 | bits |
2221 | Hz | 3602 | steps | 11 | bits |
2231 | Hz | 3586 | steps | 11 | bits |
2241 | Hz | 3570 | steps | 11 | bits |
2251 | Hz | 3554 | steps | 11 | bits |
2261 | Hz | 3539 | steps | 11 | bits |
2271 | Hz | 3523 | steps | 11 | bits |
2281 | Hz | 3508 | steps | 11 | bits |
2291 | Hz | 3492 | steps | 11 | bits |
2301 | Hz | 3477 | steps | 11 | bits |
2311 | Hz | 3462 | steps | 11 | bits |
2321 | Hz | 3447 | steps | 11 | bits |
2331 | Hz | 3433 | steps | 11 | bits |
2341 | Hz | 3418 | steps | 11 | bits |
2351 | Hz | 3403 | steps | 11 | bits |
2361 | Hz | 3389 | steps | 11 | bits |
2371 | Hz | 3375 | steps | 11 | bits |
2381 | Hz | 3360 | steps | 11 | bits |
2391 | Hz | 3346 | steps | 11 | bits |
2401 | Hz | 3332 | steps | 11 | bits |
2411 | Hz | 3319 | steps | 11 | bits |
2421 | Hz | 3305 | steps | 11 | bits |
2431 | Hz | 3291 | steps | 11 | bits |
2441 | Hz | 3278 | steps | 11 | bits |
2451 | Hz | 3264 | steps | 11 | bits |
2461 | Hz | 3251 | steps | 11 | bits |
2471 | Hz | 3238 | steps | 11 | bits |
2481 | Hz | 3225 | steps | 11 | bits |
2491 | Hz | 3212 | steps | 11 | bits |
2501 | Hz | 3199 | steps | 11 | bits |
2511 | Hz | 3186 | steps | 11 | bits |
2521 | Hz | 3174 | steps | 11 | bits |
2531 | Hz | 3161 | steps | 11 | bits |
2541 | Hz | 3149 | steps | 11 | bits |
2551 | Hz | 3137 | steps | 11 | bits |
2561 | Hz | 3124 | steps | 11 | bits |
2571 | Hz | 3112 | steps | 11 | bits |
2581 | Hz | 3100 | steps | 11 | bits |
2591 | Hz | 3088 | steps | 11 | bits |
2601 | Hz | 3076 | steps | 11 | bits |
2611 | Hz | 3064 | steps | 11 | bits |
2621 | Hz | 3053 | steps | 11 | bits |
2631 | Hz | 3041 | steps | 11 | bits |
2641 | Hz | 3030 | steps | 11 | bits |
2651 | Hz | 3018 | steps | 11 | bits |
2661 | Hz | 3007 | steps | 11 | bits |
2671 | Hz | 2996 | steps | 11 | bits |
2681 | Hz | 2984 | steps | 11 | bits |
2691 | Hz | 2973 | steps | 11 | bits |
2701 | Hz | 2962 | steps | 11 | bits |
2711 | Hz | 2951 | steps | 11 | bits |
2721 | Hz | 2941 | steps | 11 | bits |
2731 | Hz | 2930 | steps | 11 | bits |
2741 | Hz | 2919 | steps | 11 | bits |
2751 | Hz | 2909 | steps | 11 | bits |
2761 | Hz | 2898 | steps | 11 | bits |
2771 | Hz | 2888 | steps | 11 | bits |
2781 | Hz | 2877 | steps | 11 | bits |
2791 | Hz | 2867 | steps | 11 | bits |
2801 | Hz | 2857 | steps | 11 | bits |
2811 | Hz | 2846 | steps | 11 | bits |
2821 | Hz | 2836 | steps | 11 | bits |
2831 | Hz | 2826 | steps | 11 | bits |
2841 | Hz | 2816 | steps | 11 | bits |
2851 | Hz | 2807 | steps | 11 | bits |
2861 | Hz | 2797 | steps | 11 | bits |
2871 | Hz | 2787 | steps | 11 | bits |
2881 | Hz | 2777 | steps | 11 | bits |
2891 | Hz | 2768 | steps | 11 | bits |
2901 | Hz | 2758 | steps | 11 | bits |
2911 | Hz | 2749 | steps | 11 | bits |
2921 | Hz | 2739 | steps | 11 | bits |
2931 | Hz | 2730 | steps | 11 | bits |
2941 | Hz | 2721 | steps | 11 | bits |
2952 | Hz | 2711 | steps | 11 | bits |
2961 | Hz | 2702 | steps | 11 | bits |
2971 | Hz | 2693 | steps | 11 | bits |
2981 | Hz | 2684 | steps | 11 | bits |
2991 | Hz | 2675 | steps | 11 | bits |
3001 | Hz | 2666 | steps | 11 | bits |
3012 | Hz | 2657 | steps | 11 | bits |
3021 | Hz | 2649 | steps | 11 | bits |
3031 | Hz | 2640 | steps | 11 | bits |
3041 | Hz | 2631 | steps | 11 | bits |
3051 | Hz | 2623 | steps | 11 | bits |
3061 | Hz | 2614 | steps | 11 | bits |
3071 | Hz | 2606 | steps | 11 | bits |
3081 | Hz | 2597 | steps | 11 | bits |
3091 | Hz | 2589 | steps | 11 | bits |
3101 | Hz | 2580 | steps | 11 | bits |
3111 | Hz | 2572 | steps | 11 | bits |
3121 | Hz | 2564 | steps | 11 | bits |
3131 | Hz | 2556 | steps | 11 | bits |
3142 | Hz | 2547 | steps | 11 | bits |
3152 | Hz | 2539 | steps | 11 | bits |
3162 | Hz | 2531 | steps | 11 | bits |
3172 | Hz | 2523 | steps | 11 | bits |
3182 | Hz | 2515 | steps | 11 | bits |
3191 | Hz | 2508 | steps | 11 | bits |
3201 | Hz | 2500 | steps | 11 | bits |
3211 | Hz | 2492 | steps | 11 | bits |
3221 | Hz | 2484 | steps | 11 | bits |
3231 | Hz | 2477 | steps | 11 | bits |
3241 | Hz | 2469 | steps | 11 | bits |
3252 | Hz | 2461 | steps | 11 | bits |
3261 | Hz | 2454 | steps | 11 | bits |
3271 | Hz | 2446 | steps | 11 | bits |
3281 | Hz | 2439 | steps | 11 | bits |
3292 | Hz | 2431 | steps | 11 | bits |
3301 | Hz | 2424 | steps | 11 | bits |
3311 | Hz | 2417 | steps | 11 | bits |
3322 | Hz | 2409 | steps | 11 | bits |
3331 | Hz | 2402 | steps | 11 | bits |
3341 | Hz | 2395 | steps | 11 | bits |
3351 | Hz | 2388 | steps | 11 | bits |
3361 | Hz | 2381 | steps | 11 | bits |
3371 | Hz | 2374 | steps | 11 | bits |
3381 | Hz | 2367 | steps | 11 | bits |
3391 | Hz | 2360 | steps | 11 | bits |
3401 | Hz | 2353 | steps | 11 | bits |
3411 | Hz | 2346 | steps | 11 | bits |
3421 | Hz | 2339 | steps | 11 | bits |
3432 | Hz | 2332 | steps | 11 | bits |
3442 | Hz | 2325 | steps | 11 | bits |
3451 | Hz | 2319 | steps | 11 | bits |
3461 | Hz | 2312 | steps | 11 | bits |
3472 | Hz | 2305 | steps | 11 | bits |
3481 | Hz | 2299 | steps | 11 | bits |
3491 | Hz | 2292 | steps | 11 | bits |
3501 | Hz | 2286 | steps | 11 | bits |
3511 | Hz | 2279 | steps | 11 | bits |
3521 | Hz | 2273 | steps | 11 | bits |
3532 | Hz | 2266 | steps | 11 | bits |
3541 | Hz | 2260 | steps | 11 | bits |
3552 | Hz | 2253 | steps | 11 | bits |
3561 | Hz | 2247 | steps | 11 | bits |
3571 | Hz | 2241 | steps | 11 | bits |
3581 | Hz | 2235 | steps | 11 | bits |
3592 | Hz | 2228 | steps | 11 | bits |
3601 | Hz | 2222 | steps | 11 | bits |
3611 | Hz | 2216 | steps | 11 | bits |
3621 | Hz | 2210 | steps | 11 | bits |
3631 | Hz | 2204 | steps | 11 | bits |
3641 | Hz | 2198 | steps | 11 | bits |
3651 | Hz | 2192 | steps | 11 | bits |
3661 | Hz | 2186 | steps | 11 | bits |
3671 | Hz | 2180 | steps | 11 | bits |
3681 | Hz | 2174 | steps | 11 | bits |
3691 | Hz | 2168 | steps | 11 | bits |
3701 | Hz | 2162 | steps | 11 | bits |
3712 | Hz | 2156 | steps | 11 | bits |
3722 | Hz | 2150 | steps | 11 | bits |
3731 | Hz | 2145 | steps | 11 | bits |
3741 | Hz | 2139 | steps | 11 | bits |
3752 | Hz | 2133 | steps | 11 | bits |
3761 | Hz | 2128 | steps | 11 | bits |
3771 | Hz | 2122 | steps | 11 | bits |
3782 | Hz | 2116 | steps | 11 | bits |
3791 | Hz | 2111 | steps | 11 | bits |
3802 | Hz | 2105 | steps | 11 | bits |
3811 | Hz | 2100 | steps | 11 | bits |
3822 | Hz | 2094 | steps | 11 | bits |
3831 | Hz | 2089 | steps | 11 | bits |
3842 | Hz | 2083 | steps | 11 | bits |
3851 | Hz | 2078 | steps | 11 | bits |
3861 | Hz | 2073 | steps | 11 | bits |
3872 | Hz | 2067 | steps | 11 | bits |
3881 | Hz | 2062 | steps | 11 | bits |
3891 | Hz | 2057 | steps | 11 | bits |
3902 | Hz | 2051 | steps | 11 | bits |
3911 | Hz | 2046 | steps | 10 | bits |
3921 | Hz | 2041 | steps | 10 | bits |
3931 | Hz | 2036 | steps | 10 | bits |